Tuesday, December 14, 2010

Zeus, Father of the Gods

Zeus is the god of sky and thunder. He is also known to be the father of gods and men, including some of the 12 Olympian gods. His symbols are the thunderbolt, eagle, bull, and oak. Zeus is frequently depicted by Greek artists in one of two poses: standing, striding forward, with a thunderbolt leveled in his raised right hand, or seated in majesty. Zeus was the child of Cronus and Rhea, and the youngest of his siblings. In most traditions he was married to Hera. He has many children including Athena, Apollo, Aphrodite, Artemis, Hermes, Persephone, Dionysus, Perseus, Heracles, Helen, Minos, and the Muses; by Hera, he is usually said to have fathered Ares, Hebe and Hephaestus.

Cronus and Rhea was Zeus father. Coronus heard from Gaia and Uranus that he destined to be overthrown by his own son. When Coronus heard this, every time he had a child he swallowed them. So Coronus swallowed Hestia, Demeter, Hera, Hades, and Poseidon. Rhea, Zeus mother, didn’t want Cronus swallowing her children anymore so when Zeus was ready about to be born, her and Gaia devised a plan to trick Cronus. When Rhea gave birth to Zeus, Rhea hid Zeus and gave Coronus a rock wrapped in swaddling clothes, which he promptly swallowed. Rhea hid Zeus in a cave on Mount Ida in Crete and rose up to manhood. After reaching manhood, Zeus forced Cronus to disgorge his siblings in reverse order of swallowing. As a token of their appreciation, the Cyclopes gave him thunder and the thunderbolt, which had previously been hidden by Gaia.

Together, Zeus and his brothers and sisters, along with the Gigantes, Hecatonchires and Cyclopes defeated the other Titans, in the combat called the Titanomachy. The defeated Titans were then cast into a shadowy underworld region known as Tartarus. Atlas, one of the titans that fought against Zeus, was punished by having to hold up the sky. After the battle with the Titans, Zeus shared the world with his elder brothers, Poseidon and Hades, and gave them jobs. Zeus got the sky and air, Poseidon got the waters, and Hades got the world of the dead, the underworld.

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